Tips and Tricks For Planning Your Garden

A successful garden harvest begins with planning your garden. Having a plan BEFORE you begin buying seeds will put you ahead of the curve when the weather warms up.

If you’re anything like me, you love the quiet calm of Winter…but also can’t wait for Spring!

The short days, grey skies and cold weather leave you missing the sun on your skin, the dirt under your nails and the taste of fresh produce.

Inevitably, every year, I get excited about planning my garden and start my seeds too early. Weather here in Virginia is very unpredictable.

As I write this, in early February, it’s 70 degrees out! But they’re calling for snow tomorrow!

So if you’re like me, and planning your summer garden already, here is a collection of my tips and tricks to make your garden a success.

Why Plan Your Garden?

Taking the time to plan out your garden will prevent a lot of common gardening mistakes. The most common gardening mistakes (and I’m guilty of ALL of them) are:

1. Growing too much of one kind of veggie
2. Not growing enough
3. Starting too early
4. Starting too late
5. Running out of room

Putting in the work before any seeds actually get sown will help prevent, or at least mitigate, some of these mistakes.

tips and tricks for planning Your Garden

The best way to start is by asking yourself a few basic questions:

1. How many people are you feeding?
2. Do you want a surplus to can or preserve or possibly sell or give away?
3. How do you plan to start each plant? Direct sow? Starting seeds indoors?
4. When should each crop be placed in its final spot?
5. What’s the lifecycle of each plant? How long will the plant take to mature?
6. Will you harvest a little at a time over weeks or months? Or is the harvest all at once and then the plant is done?

Before You Begin

Before you begin, determine your plant hardiness zone or grow zone. The USDA has theirs here: Plant Hardiness Zone Map.

Then test your soil. The very basic test is for pH. Most of the vegetables you’re going to want to grow do best between 5.5-7.5.

However, if you know certain parts of your garden tend to be more acidic (or alkaline), you’ll want to make a note of that.

If you need to add amendments to your garden area to change the pH.

Once you’ve laid the foundation, you can begin this year’s garden.

Start With What You Already Have

The first first step in planning this year’s garden is to see what you already have. Gather your seed packets from the prior years and lay them all out in front of you.

I make a ritual of this. I pour myself a cup of coffee, put on some music and lay out my seeds on the kitchen floor.

It makes it easier to group them by like. Tomatoes here, squashes here, lettuces here, etc.

Then I fill out index cards with some basic info on each type of seed I have. Such info includes:

• pH
• hours of sunlight
• inches of water per week
• spacing
• days to maturity
• timing of direct sow/transplanting seedlings

In fact, I’ve started converting my index cards into my “Quick and Dirty 30-Second Guides” to various vegetables.

Sketch Out Your Garden

Once I have an inventory of the seeds I already have, I’ll sketch out a diagram of my garden area. I use graph paper and measure it out so that every line represents six inches.

Every two lines is one foot. Most plants require spacing at least three inches, so this makes it easy to measure.

Depending on the size of your garden, though, you may need to adjust!

Plan out your plants with the seeds you already have, and the space your garden area provides.

If you have room left over, break out your seed catalogs!

My favorite (and of course they’re FREE!) are:

• Baker Heirloom Seeds
• Seeds of Change
• Seed Savers Exchange
• Seeds For Generations (affiliate) Seeds For Generations doesn’t have a catalog out yet, but they are a small, family-owned operation that I support

While you’re selecting the correct seeds for your garden, be sure to keep your grow zone in mind. Some varieties of plants do better in cold, or very hot and dry climates.

If you grew a garden last year, also keep a crop rotation in mind.

Ideally, you’ll rotate what type of crop goes where on a three year rotation.

This helps prevent pests and certain fungi from destroying a crop.

Succession planning is also important. Can you time the planting of one crop with the harvest of another? Will mature plants cast too much shade over new transplants?

That is why I like writing the plant information out on index cards. I can shuffle them around and try to get a visual of what plants will go where.

Once I have the index cards lined up in roughly the areas I’ll have the plants, I write it down on my graph paper as my Final Draft.

Schedule Your Planting

On a calendar or your phone, plan out the days you’ll start your seeds and transplant your young plants.

Find your estimate last frost date from the Farmer’s Almanac and work out from there.

Some plants should be started indoors before the last frost, some must be sown outdoors a few weeks after the last frost.

Keep Notes

While you’re following your garden sketch, and your planting calendar, keep notes!

What worked for you? What didn’t? Did some of your seedlings not survive? Did the squash get beetles (my nemesis)? Did you get too much rain? Not enough?

Watch how the sun moves throughout the year. The angle of the sun shifts throughout the year, which may affect your plants.

I have a very tall tree to the south east of my garden and have learned over years of observation how it will affect my raised garden bed.

If one area of your garden suffers, you can begin to troubleshoot it. Gardening, however, is a game of years.

You won’t be able to troubleshoot and solve your problems in the same year. This is why good gardening notes are so important.